Clinical research of determination of infection status of children with lower respiratory infection according to sputum properties and the accuracy of the choice of antibiotics / 中国基层医药

Objective:To explore the accuracy of determination of the pathogen in children with lower respiratory infection according to sputum properties and the selection of corresponding antibiotics.To analyze the relationship between children's age, length of hospital stays and sputum culture positive rate.Methods:From March 2015 to November 2016, 300 children with lower respiratory infection in the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were selected.The isolated sputums through the nasal cavity were cultured, the sputum properties and antibiotics used at the beginning and 3-4 days later(after sputum culture) were recorded.Results:The sputum culture showed that 110 of 300 cases with lower respiratory infection were positive.Main pathogens were streptococcus pneumoniae, E.coli, staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies.Compared with the children with positive sputum culture, for white phlegm sputum and yellow phlegm sputum, the children with sputum culture negative had higher accuracy of antibiotic use(white phlegm sputum: 64.4%, yellow phlegm sputum: 57.1%), the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=36.04, P<0.01). The bacteria positive rate and multiple resistance rate had no statistically significant differences in length of treatment time prior to admission(all P>0.05). However, the bacteria positive rate (hospital stay ≤7 d: 24.7%, hospital stay>7 d: 48.1%, χ 2=17.66) and multiple resistance rate (hospital stay≤7 d: 13.9%, hospital stay>7 d: 35.1%; χ 2=5.40) had statistically significant differences in the length of hospitalization(all P<0.05). The bacteria positive rates in different age groups were as follows: 1-6 months: 48.1%, >6-36 months: 28.3%, >36 months: 25.0%.Compared with the two others, the positive rate of 1-6 months was higher and had statistically significant difference (χ 2=13.64, P<0.05). Conclusion:Accuracy of antibiotics use has a certain relationship with sputum color or properties and the result of sputum culture, for white phlegm sputum and yellow phlegm sputum, the accuracy of antibiotics use is higher.Once identified pathogen, sensitive antibiotics should be adopted.Probably, bacteria positive rate and multiple resistance rate have a certain relationship with the length of hospital stay and age.

Genetic relationship and parent selection of some Sarcandra glabra resources based on ISSR / 中国中药杂志

The study is aimed to assess the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 18 Sarcandra glabra resources from different populations,and guide parent selection of cross breeding between these resources. The molecular marker technique ISSR was used to investigate the genetic diversity of the 18 resources. Data was analyzed by POPGEN 32, and a cluster diagram was presented by UPGMA. One hundred and ninety-eight amplified fragments were obtained using 23 ISSR primers. One hundred and eighty-four polymorphic loci were identified. Nei's genetic diversity index (h) was 0.32, Shannon diversity index (I) was 0.485 4. The genetic similarity coefficient among the resources ranged from 0.383 8 to 0.878 8 in an average of 0.661 2. The genetic distance between sample S2 and sample S18 was the farthest, so as between sample S3 and sample S18 both Nei's genetic distance was 0.957 5, The genetic distance between sample S4 and sample S5 was the closest, the Nei's genetic distance was 0.129 2,and the sample S1, S2, S3, S7, S10 were significantly different from the others based on the clustering analysis, the three groups S2 vs S3, S2 vs S6, S2 vs S18 were the best parent group selection. There was a middle level of genetic differentiation in the resources. The genetic distance between resources gives useful information to guide parent selection of cross breeding.

Study on identification of Sarcandra glabra and Chloranthus spicatus's leaves by PCR amplification of specific alleles / 中国中药杂志

The paper is aimed to identify SNP in Sarcandra glabra and Chloranthus spicatus, and authenticate S. glabra from Ch. spicatus and the mixture by using PCR amplification of specific alleles. SNPs in the ITS sequences of S. glabra and Ch. spicatus were found by ClustulX 2. 1 program and Bioedit software. Primers for authentic S. glabra and Ch. spicatus was designed according to the SNP site, and ITS sequence universal primers plus to the authentic primer to construct a multi-PCR reaction system, and then optimized the PCR reaction system. Five hundred and eighty band special for S. glabra and 470 bp band special for Ch. spicatus were found by using multi-PCR reaction. The multi-PCR reaction system could be applied to identify S. glabra and Ch. spicatus's leaves.

HPLC characteristic chromatographic profile of Sarcandra glabra / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop the characteristic chromatographic profile of Sarcandra glabra by HPLC for its quality control.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The HPLC analysis was performed on an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 column (4. 6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) with column temperature at 40 degree C. The mobile phase was consisted of water containing 0. 5% formic acid and acetonitrile to methanol (1:9) in gradient mode, and the detection wavelength was set at 344 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>A common mode of the HPLC characteristic chromatographic profile has been establised. There were 20 common peaks , seven of which were identified, and 46 samples from different habitats were classified into five groups based on principal component cluster analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method was time-saving and can represent the chemical information and provide a scientific basis for quality control of S. glabra.</p>

Técnica del ganglio centinela dinámico en pacientes con cáncer de pene. Evaluación de la experiencia inicial del Instituto de Oncología Angel H. Roffo. U.B.A / Dinamic sentinel limph node technique in patients with penis cancer. Evaluation of initial experience. Instituto de Oncología Angel H. Roffo. U.B.A

Introducción: El manejo de los ganglios linfáticos ha sido durante mucho tiempo, motivo de controversia en el tratamiento del cáncer de pene. Su influencia en el factor pronóstico ha marcado la importancia de realizar un estudio detallado del mismo y tratar de encontrar un indicador que permita determinar un mayor riesgo de diseminación linfática o compromiso ganglionar con baja morbilidad. Objetivo: El propósito de este trabajo, es efectuar una descripción pormenorizada de la técnica dinámica del ganglio centinela (TDGC) y describir nuestra experiencia inicial con la misma, demostrando la franca disminución de la morbilidad que frecuentemente se asocia con la linfadenectomía clásica frente a la TDGC y estableciendo las pautas para que sea una técnica reproducible. Materiales y métodos: Durante el periodo 2000-2004, 20 pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer de pene han sido sometidos a la aplicación de TDGC. Fueron incluidos pacientes en estadios T1-T3. Resultados: Un grupo de 10 pacientes presentaba adenopatías no palpables y otro grupo, también de 10 pacientes, adenopatías palpables, pequeñas, móviles y no adherentes. En total de 20 pacientes se identificaron 8 casos de metástasis con ganglio centinela positivo (40 porciento) y 12 casos con ganglio centinela negativo (60 porciento). A 6 de los 8 pacientes con ganglio centinela positivo, se les efectuó linfadenectomía iliofemoral, evidenciándose 2 pacientes con metástasis y 4 sin metástasis. En los otros dos pacientes no se realizo linfadenectomía: uno por presencia de metástasis a distancia y el otro por abandono voluntario del tratamiento. El seguimiento mínimo fue de un año y el máximo de 5 años, con una media de 3 años. Ninguno de los pacientes desarrollo recidivas en ganglios linfáticos. Los 4 casos de óbito fueron por recidiva local del tumor primario, sepsis e hipercalcemia. Conclusión: La utilización de TDGC puede ser de gran utilidad en la detección de metástasis ganglionares. Es un buen indicador prec...

Experimental Establishment of Life Cycle of Clonorchis sinensis / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Objective To establish and maintain the life cycle of Clonorchis sinensis in laboratory.Methods Adult worms and eggs of Clonorchis sinensis were collected from naturally infected cats.Eggs were ingested by freshwater snails in aquarium.When the cercariae were released from infected snails, they invaded into freshwater fishes.From the 30th day on after the release of cercariae, the infection rate and metacercariae density in freshwater fishes were determined.Results After 95 days the infected snails began shedding cercariae in a temperature range of 24.3-37.2 ℃, and no cercariae were found under 20 ℃.The infection rate in the snails Parafossarulus striatulus and Alocinma longicornis was 12.5% and 18.0%, respectively.Metacercariae were found in fish at 30 days after cercariae infection, and matured metacercariae were detected in 45 days.The number of metacercariae per gram of fish meat in Pseudorasbora parva, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Rhodeus sinensis, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Cirrhinus molitorella, Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio and Oreochromis niloticus was 1 792, 16, 8, 6, 5, 4, 4, and 2, respectively.Rats and cats were fed with metacercariae from fish to receive adult worms.Conclusion Life cycle of Clonorchis sinensis has been established and maintained in the laboratory.